Every named figure.

Merarite Levite, father of Kish in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:12). Distinct from Abdi grandfather of Ethan and Abdi the sealer of Ezra 10:26.

Mother of King Hezekiah of Judah (2 Kings 18:2; 2 Chronicles 29:1, where she is called Abijah).

Son of Rehoboam and Maacah; king of Judah ca. 913–911 BC. Reigned three years; warred with Jeroboam. Distinct from Abijah son of Samuel and other figures.

Firstborn of Hiel of Bethel, who died when his father laid the foundation of rebuilt Jericho (1 Kings 16:34).

Member of Josiah's delegation to Huldah after the discovery of the Book of the Law.

Father of Maaseiah, one of Jehoiada's captains (2 Chronicles 23:1). Distinct from other Adaiahs.

Father of Jedidah, mother of King Josiah (2 Kings 22:1). Distinct from many other Adaiahs.

Simeonite chief. Distinct from Adiel the priest and Adiel father of David's treasurer Azmaveth.

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Adonijah son of David and Adonijah the sealer of Nehemiah's covenant.

Son of Sennacherib; with his brother Sharezer murdered their father in the temple of Nisroch and fled to Ararat.

Sage whose oracle to Ithiel and Ucal opens Proverbs 30, including the well-known sayings on humility, the four small wise creatures, and the four stately things (Proverbs 30).

Son of Omri; king of Israel 874–853 BC. Married Jezebel of Sidon; sponsored Baal worship as state religion. Confronted by Elijah at Mount Carmel. Coveted Naboth's vineyard (Naboth was killed at Jezebel's order). Killed at Ramoth-gilead by a stray arrow.

Son of Jotham; king of Judah ca. 735–715 BC. Sacrificed his sons in the fire; burned incense at the high places. Submitted to Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria for protection from the Syro-Ephraimite alliance. Recipient of Isaiah's Immanuel prophecy (Isaiah 7).

Son of Ahab and Jezebel; reigned two years (853–852 BC). Fell through the lattice of his upper chamber and consulted Baal-zebub of Ekron about his recovery; rebuked by Elijah and died. Distinct from Ahaziah of Judah.

Son of Jehoram of Judah and Athaliah; reigned one year (841 BC). Walked in the way of the house of Ahab. Killed by Jehu while visiting his wounded uncle Joram of Israel. Distinct from Ahaziah of Israel.

Son of Abdiel son of Guni; chief of the Gadite house in the days of Jotham king of Judah and Jeroboam II king of Israel.

Son of Shaphan; member of Josiah's delegation to Huldah; protected Jeremiah from being put to death; father of Gedaliah governor of Judah.

Son of Amariah in the late-monarchic high-priestly genealogy. Distinct from the earlier Ahitub father of David's Zadok.

Grandfather of Shiphi in the Simeonite genealogy.

Levite distributing the priestly portions under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:15).

Father of Gedaliah; ancestor of the prophet Zephaniah.

Son of Azariah; possibly the Amariah whom Jehoshaphat set as chief priest over religious matters (2 Chronicles 19:11).

Kohathite Levite, father of Mahath who led Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:12). Distinct from Amasai chief of David's captains and Amasai the priest.

Captain of 200,000 mighty men under Jehoshaphat who willingly offered himself to the LORD (2 Chronicles 17:16).

Son of Joash; king of Judah ca. 796–767 BC. Defeated Edom but adopted their gods. Defeated by Joash of Israel. Killed in a conspiracy at Lachish. Reigned twenty-nine years.

Father of the Simeonite chief Joshah (1 Chronicles 4:34). Distinct from Amaziah king of Judah and the priest of Bethel.

Father of the prophet Jonah, of Gath-hepher in Zebulun.

Son of Manasseh; king of Judah ca. 642–640 BC. Continued his father's idolatry without his repentance; assassinated in his palace after two years.

Shepherd and dresser of sycamore figs from Tekoa in Judah; prophesied to the northern kingdom under Jeroboam II ca. 760 BC. Denounced Israel's social injustice and false security. Confronted by Amaziah priest of Bethel.

Father of the prophet Isaiah; not to be confused with Amos the prophet.

One of two officers slain with Pekahiah king of Israel by Pekah son of Remaliah in the citadel of the king's house at Samaria (2 Kings 15:25).

One of two officers slain with Pekahiah king of Israel by Pekah son of Remaliah in the citadel of the king's house at Samaria (2 Kings 15:25).

Son of Abijah; king of Judah ca. 911–870 BC. Reformer who removed idols and the male cult prostitutes; relied on foreign alliance with Aram in his later years and was rebuked by the seer Hanani. Reigned forty-one years.

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Asahel brother of Joab, Asahel of Hezekiah's reform, and Asahel father of Jonathan.

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from Asahel brother of Joab and Asahel the Levite of Jehoshaphat.

Simeonite chief. Distinct from Asaiah the Levite of David's day and Asaiah son of Haggai.

Member of Josiah's delegation to Huldah after the discovery of the Book of the Law.

Great-grandfather of the Simeonite chief Jehu (1 Chronicles 4:35).

Daughter of Ahab and Jezebel (or Omri's daughter per 2 Kings 8:26); wife of Jehoram of Judah. After her son Ahaziah's death, killed all the royal seed and seized the throne for six years (841–835 BC). Overthrown and killed in the priest Jehoiada's coup that crowned the boy Joash. Only reigning queen of Judah.

Daughter of Ahab and Jezebel; wife of Jehoram of Judah; mother of Ahaziah; usurped the throne and was executed (2 Kings 8:18,26; 11:1-20). May warrant deduplication with the existing 'athaliah' entry.

Son of Rehoboam by Maacah daughter of Absalom (2 Chronicles 11:20). Distinct from Attai son of Jarha and Attai the Gadite warrior.

Father of Shaphan the royal scribe.

Kohathite Levite, father of Joel who served in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:12). Distinct from many other Azariahs.

Son of Hilkiah; father of Seraiah the high priest. Late-monarchic priestly Azariah.

Son of Johanan; the chronicler notes 'it is he that executed the priest's office in the temple that Solomon built in Jerusalem' (1 Chronicles 6:10). Possibly identical with the Azariah who confronted king Uzziah (2 Chronicles 26:17-20), though dating is debated.

Merarite Levite serving in Hezekiah's temple cleansing (2 Chronicles 29:12).

Son of Jehoshaphat, killed by his brother Jehoram (2 Chronicles 21:2,4).

Captain of hundreds enlisted by Jehoiada the priest in the coup against Athaliah (2 Chronicles 23:1).

Captain of hundreds in Jehoiada's coup against Athaliah (2 Chronicles 23:1).

Son of Jehoshaphat, killed by his brother Jehoram (2 Chronicles 21:2,4). Variant spelling of Azariah, but listed separately in MT alongside his brother Azariah.

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from Azaziah the Merarite singer and Azaziah father of Hoshea of Ephraim.

Son of Eleasah; the genealogy of Saul's house concludes with his six sons (Azrikam, Bocheru, Ishmael, Sheariah, Obadiah, Hanan). Lived around the early-divided-kingdom era; the Chronicler notes he was the last in the Saulide list before the genealogy is closed.

Firstborn of Azel in the Saulide genealogy. Distinct from other Azrikams (the Davidic-line Azrikam of 1 Chronicles 3:23, the gatekeeper of 1 Chronicles 9:14, and the captain of king Ahaz's house, 2 Chronicles 28:7).

Mother of King Jehoshaphat (1 Kings 22:42; 2 Chronicles 20:31). Distinct from Azubah wife of Caleb son of Hezron.

Reubenite, father of Beerah whom Tilgath-pilneser carried into exile.

Son of Ahijah of Issachar; killed Nadab and seized the northern throne 909–886 BC. Built Ramah against Asa; warred constantly with Judah. Walked in Jeroboam's sins.

Chief of Reuben whom Tilgath-pilneser king of Assyria carried into exile (c. 733 BC).

Father of the prophet Hosea. Distinct from Beeri the Hittite, father-in-law of Esau.

King of Aram (Damascus); allied with Asa of Judah against Baasha of Israel. Distinct from Ben-hadad II of Ahab's day.

King of Aram (Damascus) in the days of Ahab and Joram; besieged Samaria, defeated by Ahab at Aphek; later murdered by Hazael at Elisha's word.

Son of Hazael; lost his father's conquests as Jehoash of Israel recovered Israelite cities. Distinct from the earlier Ben-hadads.

Prince of Judah sent by Jehoshaphat to teach the law throughout Judah (2 Chronicles 17:7).

Simeonite chief in 1 Chronicles 4:36. Distinct from Benaiah son of Jehoiada and other Benaiahs.

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from Benaiah son of Jehoiada and many other Benaiahs.

Captain who rode beside Jehu when they pursued Joram king of Israel; Jehu commanded him to take up Joram's body and cast it into the field of Naboth the Jezreelite, fulfilling Yahweh's word against Ahab (2 Kings 9:25-26).

Second son of Azel.

Gadite ancestor in the genealogy of 1 Chronicles 5:14. Distinct from Buz son of Nahor.

Levite chief who provided Passover lambs at Josiah's reform (2 Chronicles 35:9). Distinct from Cononiah the chief tithe overseer of Hezekiah.

Levite chief in charge of the offerings, tithes, and dedicated things under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:12-13). Distinct from Conaniah (alternate spelling) the Levite chief under Josiah (2 Chronicles 35:9).

Father of the prophet Zephaniah.

Father of Gomer wife of Hosea.

Father of Eliezer the prophet, who rebuked Jehoshaphat for allying with Ahaziah king of Israel (2 Chronicles 20:37).

Last of the seven Gadite chiefs of Bashan listed in the genealogy of Gad (1 Chronicles 5:13). Distinct from Eber the patriarchal eponym of the Hebrews.

Gershonite Levite in Hezekiah's reform; later distributor of priestly portions (2 Chronicles 29:12; 31:15).

Son of Baasha; reigned two years (886–885 BC). Killed by his servant Zimri while drinking at Tirzah.

Son of Raphah; father of Azel in the Saulide line. Distinct from Eleasah son of Helez (Judah's line, 1 Chronicles 2:39-40) and Eleasah the son of Pashhur (Ezra 10:22).

Mighty man of valor leading 200,000 archers and shielded men under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:17). Distinct from Eliada son of David and Eliada father of Rezon of Damascus.

Father of Jonam in Luke 3:30-31. Distinct from Eliakim son of Hilkiah and Eliakim son of Josiah.

Steward of the palace ('over the household') under Hezekiah; one of the three sent to negotiate with the Rabshakeh and to seek Isaiah's word during Sennacherib's siege. Subject of Isaiah's oracle of the key of David (Isaiah 22:20-25).

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from Eliel the Gadite, Eliel of half-Manasseh, and other Eliels.

Father of Joshua in Luke 3:29. Distinct from many other Eliezers.

The Tishbite of Gilead; chief opponent of Ahab and Jezebel's Baal cult. Stopped the rain three and a half years; called fire from heaven on Mount Carmel; raised the widow's son. Did not see death — taken up in a whirlwind by horses of fire. Foretold to return before the day of Yahweh; appeared with Moses at the transfiguration. Identified by Jesus with John the Baptist.

Simeonite chief listed in 1 Chronicles 4:36. Distinct from Elioenai the post-exilic Davidide and other Elioenais.

Third son of Eshek. Distinct from David's sons named Eliphelet.

Son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah; called by Elijah from the plow. Received a double portion of Elijah's spirit. Performed sixteen recorded miracles, twice as many as Elijah. Active under five Israelite kings (Joram through Joash). Died of illness; even his bones raised the dead.

Priest sent by Jehoshaphat to teach the law in Judah (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Elishama son of Ammihud, Elishama of David's house, and the secretary of Jehoiakim.

Captain of hundreds in Jehoiada's coup against Athaliah (2 Chronicles 23:1).

Father of Nehushta, mother of Jehoiachin (2 Kings 24:8). Often identified with Elnathan son of Achbor (Jeremiah 26:22; 36:12).

Father of Elmadam in Luke 3:28. Distinct from Er son of Judah and Er son of Shelah.

Son of Sennacherib; king of Assyria 681–669 BC. Murdered Manasseh's wife or kin per some readings of 2 Chronicles 33; resettled foreigners in Samaria.

Brother of Azel in the closing of the Saulide genealogy; father of Ulam, Jeush, and Eliphelet.

Father of Cushi; ancestor of the prophet Zephaniah. Distinct from Gedaliah son of Ahikam.

Servant of Elisha; pursued Naaman against Elisha's word and took silver and garments by deceit. Struck with Naaman's leprosy as a perpetual curse on his line.

Son of Shaphan; lent his temple chamber to Baruch for the public reading of Jeremiah's scroll; pleaded with Jehoiakim not to burn the scroll.

Father of Tibni, the rival claimant to the throne of Israel against Omri after Zimri's death; the people were divided, but Omri's faction prevailed and Tibni died (1 Kings 16:21-22).

Wife of the prophet Hosea, taken at God's command as a sign of Israel's unfaithfulness.

Prophet of Judah late 7th c. BC; questioned Yahweh about evil and was answered with the rise of Babylon as instrument of judgment. 'The just shall live by his faith' (Hab 2:4) is cited three times in the New Testament (Rom 1:17; Gal 3:11; Heb 10:38).

Wife of Josiah; mother of Jehoahaz and Zedekiah (2 Kings 23:31; 24:18; Jeremiah 52:1).

Sixth son of Azel. Last named figure in the Saulide genealogy of 1 Chronicles 8-9.

Father of Jehu the prophet; rebuked Asa of Judah for his alliance with Aram and was put in stocks. Distinct from Hanani brother of Nehemiah and other Hananis.

Father of Meshullemeth, mother of King Amon (2 Kings 21:19).

Levite chief at Josiah's Passover (2 Chronicles 35:9). Distinct from Hashabiah of Asaph, Hashabiah of Merari, Hashabiah governor of half-Keilah, and others.

Officer of Ben-hadad II; anointed by Elisha to be king of Aram. Murdered Ben-hadad with a wet cloth and reigned in his place; oppressed Israel and Judah severely. The Tel Dan inscription likely commemorates his victories.

Wife of Hezekiah and mother of King Manasseh of Judah (2 Kings 21:1).

Son of Ahaz; king of Judah ca. 715–686 BC. One of Judah's three best kings (with David and Josiah). Removed the high places; trusted Yahweh against Sennacherib of Assyria, who lost 185,000 in one night. Granted fifteen extra years of life after a fatal illness. Reigned twenty-nine years.

Father of Amariah; ancestor of the prophet Zephaniah. Sometimes identified with King Hezekiah of Judah, though the genealogy is uncertain.

Aramean king of Damascus; grandfather of Ben-hadad I.

Bethelite who rebuilt Jericho during Ahab's reign, fulfilling Joshua's curse: he laid its foundation at the cost of Abiram his firstborn and set up its gates at the cost of Segub his youngest (1 Kings 16:34; cf. Joshua 6:26).

Son of Shallum; high priest under king Josiah. Found the Book of the Law in the temple during Josiah's reform. Father of the prophet Jeremiah per Jeremiah 1:1 (debated whether the same Hilkiah).

Son of Beeri; prophet of the northern kingdom in the days of Jeroboam II through Hoshea (ca. 755–710 BC). Commanded to marry Gomer the prostitute as a sign of Yahweh's relationship with adulterous Israel.

Son of Elah; killed Pekah and reigned 732–722 BC. Last king of the northern kingdom. Stopped paying tribute to Assyria and conspired with So of Egypt; Shalmaneser V besieged Samaria. The city fell in 722 BC and the population was deported. Not the same as Hoshea/Hosea the prophet.

Wife of Shallum keeper of the wardrobe; consulted by Josiah's delegation after the discovery of the Book of the Law; prophesied judgment on Judah but peace for Josiah.

Father of Micaiah the prophet, who alone foretold disaster for Ahab and Jehoshaphat at Ramoth-gilead (1 Kings 22:8-9; 2 Chronicles 18:7-8).

Father of Kore the Levite porter under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:14). Distinct from Imnah son of Asher.

Son of Amoz; prophet of Judah ca. 740–680 BC during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. Vision of Yahweh in the temple in the year King Uzziah died. Author of the book bearing his name. Tradition says he was sawn in two under Manasseh (cf. Hebrews 11:37). Greatest of the writing prophets; saturated with messianic promise.

Father of Pelatiah, Neariah, Rephaiah, and Uzziel — the four Simeonite captains who took Mount Seir from the Amalekites in Hezekiah's day.

Third son of Azel. Distinct from the patriarch Ishmael, from Ishmael son of Nethaniah (Jeremiah 41) the assassin of Gedaliah, and from Ishmael of Judah's line.

Captain of hundreds in Jehoiada's coup against Athaliah (2 Chronicles 23:1). Distinct from Ishmael son of Nethaniah.

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13).

Simeonite chief.

Leader of the Rechabites in Jeremiah's day; refused to drink the wine offered by Jeremiah, and so the obedience of his clan was held up as a rebuke to Judah. Distinct from Jaazaniah son of Shaphan and Jaazaniah son of Azzur.

Father of Shallum, who assassinated Zechariah son of Jeroboam II and reigned over Israel for one month before being struck down by Menahem (2 Kings 15:10, 13).

One of the Gadite chiefs of Bashan listed in the genealogy of Gad (1 Chronicles 5:13).

Merarite Levite overseer of Josiah's temple repairs (2 Chronicles 34:12). Distinct from Jahath ancestor of Asaph and Jahath of Caleb's line.

Father of Agur, whose oracle (massa) is preserved in Proverbs 30:1.

Simeonite chief in the days of Hezekiah.

Father of Zechariah, one of two reliable witnesses (with Uriah the priest) whom Isaiah called to attest his prophecy concerning Maher-shalal-hash-baz (Isaiah 8:2).

Mother of King Uzziah (Azariah) of Judah (2 Kings 15:2; 2 Chronicles 26:3).

Father of Allon in the Simeonite genealogy. Distinct from Jedaiah the priestly course and other Jedaiahs.

Mother of King Josiah of Judah (2 Kings 22:1).

Levite of the sons of Heman in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:14). Also tithe overseer (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from many other Jehiels.

Son of Jehoshaphat, killed by his brother Jehoram (2 Chronicles 21:2,4).

Mother of King Amaziah of Judah (2 Kings 14:2; 2 Chronicles 25:1).

Son of Jehu; king of Israel 814–798 BC. Oppressed by Hazael of Aram; sought Yahweh's favor and was given a deliverer. Distinct from Jehoahaz of Judah.

Son of Josiah; reigned three months in 609 BC before Pharaoh Necho deposed him and took him to Egypt where he died. Distinct from Jehoahaz of Israel.

Son of Jehoahaz of Israel; reigned 798–782 BC. Visited the dying Elisha; recovered cities from Aram. Defeated Amaziah of Judah, breaking down a section of the Jerusalem wall. Distinct from Joash of Judah.

Captain of 280,000 men under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:15). Distinct from Jehohanan the Korahite, Jehohanan father of Ishmael, and Jehohanan the high priest.

Father of Ishmael, one of Jehoiada's captains (2 Chronicles 23:1).

High priest who hid the boy Joash from Athaliah for six years, then organized the coup that crowned him at seven. Effective regent of Judah during Joash's youth. Lived 130 years.

Son of Josiah; king of Judah 609–598 BC, installed by Pharaoh Necho. Burned Jeremiah's scroll. Killed Uriah the prophet. Vassal of Babylon, then rebelled. Died as Nebuchadnezzar arrived; his body 'cast forth beyond the gates' (Jer 22:19). Some traditions count him in Matt 1's omission.

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8).

Son of Jehoshaphat; king of Judah ca. 848–841 BC. Married Athaliah daughter of Ahab; killed his six brothers; walked in the way of the kings of Israel. Died of a horrible bowel disease as Elijah had foretold. Reigned eight years. Distinct from his contemporary Joram of Israel.

Priest sent by Jehoshaphat to teach the law in Judah (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Jehoram king of Judah and Jehoram king of Israel.

Son of Asa; king of Judah ca. 870–848 BC. Walked in the ways of David; sent Levites to teach the law throughout Judah. Allied unwisely with Ahab of Israel; rebuked by Jehu son of Hanani. Defeated Moab and Ammon by song and faith. Reigned twenty-five years.

Father of Jehu king of Israel; named in the full genealogy at 2 Kings 9:2, 14, distinct from king Jehoshaphat of Judah.

Daughter of King Jehoram of Judah; sister of Ahaziah; wife of Jehoiada the priest; rescued the infant Joash from Athaliah's massacre and hid him in the temple six years.

Captain of 180,000 ready-armed men under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:18). Distinct from Jehozabad son of Shomer who killed Joash.

One of two servants who conspired against Joash and killed him on his bed. Mother was Shimrith a Moabitess.

Co-conspirator with Jozachar in the assassination of Joash king of Judah (2 Kings 12:21); called 'son of Shimrith the Moabitess' in 2 Chronicles 24:26.

Son of Jehoshaphat son of Nimshi; commander anointed by Elisha's emissary to destroy the house of Ahab. Killed Joram of Israel, Ahaziah of Judah, and Jezebel; massacred the priests of Baal at Samaria. Founded the longest-lasting dynasty in the north (five generations). Reigned 841–814 BC. The 'Black Obelisk' of Shalmaneser III depicts him paying tribute.

Prophet who pronounced doom on Baasha (1 Kings 16:1-7) and rebuked Jehoshaphat for his alliance with Ahab (2 Chronicles 19:2). Author of a record of Jehoshaphat's reign. Distinct from Jehu son of Nimshi king of Israel.

Simeonite chief, son of Joshibiah son of Seraiah son of Asiel (1 Chronicles 4:35). Distinct from King Jehu and Jehu the prophet.

Levite of the sons of Elizaphan in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:13). Distinct from Jeiel the scribe under Uzziah and many other Jeiels.

Levite chief at Josiah's Passover (2 Chronicles 35:9).

Father of Hamutal, wife of Josiah (2 Kings 23:31; Jeremiah 52:1). Distinct from Jeremiah the prophet.

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from many other Jerimoths.

Son of Nebat, an Ephraimite of Zeredah; servant of Solomon who fled to Egypt after Ahijah's prophecy. Became first king of the northern ten tribes 931–910 BC. Set up golden calves at Bethel and Dan; created a non-Levitical priesthood. The recurring epithet 'who made Israel to sin'.

Son of Jehoash of Israel; king of Israel 793–753 BC (long co-regency). Restored Israel's borders to Solomonic extent; era of greatest prosperity but also of the prophets Amos, Hosea, and Jonah's mission to Nineveh. Walked in the sins of Jeroboam I.

Father of Azariah, one of Jehoiada's captains (2 Chronicles 23:1). Distinct from many other Jerohams.

Mother of King Jotham of Judah (2 Kings 15:33; 2 Chronicles 27:1).

Simeonite chief.

Levite distributing the priestly portions under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:15). Distinct from Jeshua the high priest and Joshua son of Nun.

Simeonite chief.

Second son of Eshek in the closing Saulide list. Distinct from Jeush son of Esau and other Jeushes.

Son of Rehoboam by Mahalath (2 Chronicles 11:19). Distinct from Jeush son of Esau and Jeush of Bilhan.

Daughter of Ethbaal king of Sidon; wife of Ahab. Sponsored 450 prophets of Baal and 400 of Asherah; persecuted the prophets of Yahweh. Engineered Naboth's death. Killed in Jehu's coup, thrown from a window and trampled, eaten by dogs as Elijah had foretold.

First son of Hosea, named after the valley where Jehu's bloodshed would be avenged on his house.

Recorder ('mazkir') under Hezekiah; with Eliakim and Shebna negotiated with the Rabshakeh.

Recorder during Josiah's temple repairs (2 Chronicles 34:8). Distinct from Joah son of Asaph the recorder under Hezekiah.

Gershonite Levite who served in Hezekiah's temple cleansing (2 Chronicles 29:12). Distinct from Joah son of Asaph the recorder under Hezekiah.

Father of Joah the recorder during Josiah's reign (2 Chronicles 34:8). Distinct from Jehoahaz king of Israel and Jehoahaz son of Josiah.

Son of Ahaziah; rescued as an infant by his aunt Jehosheba and hidden six years in the temple by the priest Jehoiada. Crowned at seven; reigned forty years (835–796 BC). Restored the temple. After Jehoiada's death, fell into apostasy and ordered the murder of Zechariah son of Jehoiada. Killed in a conspiracy. Distinct from Jehoash of Israel.

Son of Pethuel; prophet of Judah whose date is debated (early 9th c. BC or post-exilic). Used a locust plague as figure of the day of Yahweh. Foretold the outpouring of the Spirit cited by Peter at Pentecost.

Simeonite chief named in 1 Chronicles 4:35. Distinct from many other Joels.

Kohathite Levite serving in Hezekiah's temple cleansing (2 Chronicles 29:12). Distinct from Joel the prophet and Joel son of Samuel.

Prophet whose oracle on the locust plague stands as the second of the Twelve.

Son of the elder Azariah in the high-priestly genealogy. Multiple Johanans appear in scripture; this is the priestly one of 1 Chronicles 6.

Kenite ally of Jehu in the slaughter of the worshipers of Baal (2 Kings 10:15-23). Founder of the Rechabite discipline of abstinence from wine and tents-only living, commended by Jeremiah (Jeremiah 35).

Son of Amittai of Gath-hepher in Zebulun; prophesied under Jeroboam II ca. 780 BC. Fled to Tarshish to avoid preaching to Nineveh; swallowed by a great fish. Eventually preached, the city repented, and Jonah sulked. Jesus invoked the 'sign of Jonah' for his own resurrection.

Father of Joseph in Luke 3:30.

One of the Gadite chiefs of Bashan listed in the genealogy of Gad (1 Chronicles 5:13).

Son of Ahab, brother of Ahaziah; king of Israel 852–841 BC. Removed the pillar of Baal but persisted in Jeroboam's sins. Allied with Jehoshaphat against Moab. Killed by Jehu in his chariot at Jezreel. Distinct from Jehoram of Judah, his contemporary.

Father of Eliezer in Luke 3:29.

Father of Judah in Luke 3:30. Distinct from the patriarch Joseph and Joseph the husband of Mary.

Simeonite chief in the days of Hezekiah, son of Amaziah.

Father of Jehu the Simeonite chief.

Father of Er in Luke 3:29. Distinct from Joshua son of Nun, Jeshua the high priest, and others.

Son of Amon; king of Judah ca. 640–609 BC. Began reforms at sixteen; the Book of the Law was rediscovered in the temple in his eighteenth year, prompting national repentance. Killed at Megiddo trying to halt Pharaoh Necho. Reigned thirty-one years.

Son of Uzziah; king of Judah ca. 750–732 BC (co-regent for many years during Uzziah's leprosy). Built the upper gate of the temple; subdued the Ammonites; did right in the eyes of Yahweh.

Levite chief at Josiah's Passover (2 Chronicles 35:9).

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from Jozabad the Gederathite, Jozabad of Ezra, and other Jozabads.

One of two servants of Joash king of Judah who conspired against him and struck him down at the house of Millo on the way down to Silla (2 Kings 12:21; called Zabad son of Shimeath the Ammonitess in 2 Chronicles 24:26).

Father of Simeon in Luke 3:30. Distinct from the patriarch Judah.

Merarite Levite who served in Hezekiah's temple cleansing (2 Chronicles 29:12). Distinct from Kish father of Saul and Kish the Benjamite ancestor of Mordecai.

Levite porter at the east gate, in charge of distributing freewill offerings under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:14). Distinct from Kore son of Ebiasaph the Korahite gatekeeper.

Father of Matthat in Luke 3:29. Distinct from Levi the patriarch and Levi son of Matthat earlier.

Son of Hosea, named 'Not My People'; later renamed Ammi ('My People').

Daughter of Hosea, named 'Not Pitied' as a sign that Yahweh would not have pity on Israel; later renamed Ruhamah.

Wife of Rehoboam, mother of Abijah (Abijam) and grandmother of Asa; deposed by Asa for idolatry (1 Kings 15:2,10,13; 2 Chronicles 11:20-22; 15:16).

Governor of Jerusalem during Josiah's temple repairs (2 Chronicles 34:8). Distinct from many other Maaseiahs.

Captain of hundreds in Jehoiada's coup against Athaliah (2 Chronicles 23:1).

First wife of Rehoboam; daughter of Jerimoth son of David and Abihail daughter of Eliab (2 Chronicles 11:18).

Kohathite Levite who led Hezekiah's temple cleansing (2 Chronicles 29:12). Also overseer of tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Possibly same as Mahath ancestor of Heman the singer (1 Chronicles 6:35).

Second son of Isaiah, named at God's command 'Swift is the booty, speedy is the prey' as a sign of imminent Assyrian conquest of Damascus and Samaria.

Son of Hezekiah; king of Judah ca. 697–642 BC. Most evil king of Judah; rebuilt high places, set an Asherah pole in the temple, sacrificed his sons. Captured by the Assyrians, repented in exile, and was restored. Reigned fifty-five years, longest of any Judahite king. Distinct from Manasseh son of Joseph.

Levite of the sons of Asaph in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:13). Distinct from Mattaniah father of Zedekiah king of Judah and other Mattaniahs.

Father of Jorim in Luke 3:29. Distinct from Matthat father of Heli earlier in Luke 3:24.

Son of Gadi; killed Shallum and reigned 752–742 BC. Paid tribute to Pul (Tiglath-pileser III) of Assyria, beginning Israel's long subjection to Assyria.

Son of Baladan, king of Babylon. Sent envoys to Hezekiah after his recovery, occasioning Isaiah's prophecy of the Babylonian exile.

Simeonite chief in the days of Hezekiah who joined the raid on the Hamites of Gerar (1 Chronicles 4:34).

Kohathite Levite overseer of Josiah's temple repairs (2 Chronicles 34:12).

Mother of King Amon of Judah (2 Kings 21:19).

Of Moresheth in Judah; contemporary of Isaiah ca. 740–700 BC. Foretold Jerusalem's destruction (cited in Jer 26:18 to save Jeremiah's life) and the birth of the Messiah at Bethlehem (Micah 5:2). Distinct from many other Micahs.

Reubenite of the line of Joel that descends to Beerah. Distinct from the prophet Micah and from Micah of the Ephraim hill country.

Prophet of Moresheth-gath in the Shephelah; contemporary of Isaiah; spoke against Samaria and Jerusalem under Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah.

Prince of Judah teaching under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:7). Distinct from Micaiah son of Imlah the prophet.

Grandson of Shaphan; reported the contents of Jeremiah's scroll to the officials in the king's house. Distinct from Micaiah son of Imlah the prophet.

Prophet of Yahweh hated by Ahab because he never prophesied good concerning him. Foretold Ahab's death at Ramoth-gilead and described the lying spirit sent into Ahab's prophets. Distinct from Micah of Moresheth.

Son of Jehoshaphat, killed by his brother Jehoram (2 Chronicles 21:2,4).

Levite distributing the priestly portions in the priestly cities under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:15). Distinct from Miniamin the priest of Joiakim's day (Nehemiah 12:17,41).

Commander of the army of the king of Aram; great man, but a leper. Healed by washing seven times in the Jordan at Elisha's word. Took home soil to worship Yahweh in Damascus.

Jezreelite who refused to sell his ancestral vineyard to Ahab. Murdered through Jezebel's plot of false witnesses. Elijah pronounced the doom on Ahab's house at the spot where Naboth's blood was licked by dogs.

Son of Jeroboam I; reigned two years (910–909 BC). Killed by Baasha at Gibbethon, ending Jeroboam's house. Distinct from Nadab son of Aaron.

Levite overseer of Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:13). Distinct from Nahath son of Reuel and Nahath the Kohathite Levite ancestor of Heman.

Of Elkosh; prophesied the fall of Nineveh ca. 660–630 BC. The fall came in 612 BC.

Simeonite captain in Hezekiah's reign. Distinct from Neariah of the Davidic line.

Wife of Jehoiakim; mother of Jehoiachin (Jeconiah); taken into exile with her son (2 Kings 24:8; Jeremiah 22:26; 29:2).

Brother of Conaniah, Levite chief at Josiah's Passover (2 Chronicles 35:9).

Prince of Judah teaching under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:7). Distinct from Nethanel son of Zuar and Nethanel son of Jesse.

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Nethaniah father of Ishmael and Nethaniah of Asaph.

Grandfather of Jehu king of Israel; Jehu is regularly identified as 'son of Nimshi' even though his father was Jehoshaphat son of Nimshi (1 Kings 19:16; 2 Kings 9:2, 14, 20; 2 Chronicles 22:7).

Merarite Levite overseer of Josiah's temple repairs (2 Chronicles 34:12). Distinct from many other Obadiahs.

One of five princes Jehoshaphat sent to teach the law in Judah (2 Chronicles 17:7). Distinct from Obadiah the prophet, Obadiah of Ahab, and other Obadiahs.

Fifth son of Azel. Distinct from the prophet Obadiah and from Obadiah the steward of Ahab's house (1 Kings 18:3).

God-fearing steward over the household of Ahab; hid one hundred prophets of Yahweh in two caves and fed them when Jezebel killed the prophets. Met Elijah on the road during the famine. Distinct from Obadiah the prophet.

Father of Azariah, one of Jehoiada's captains (2 Chronicles 23:1). Distinct from Obed son of Boaz, Obed of Jerahmeel, and Obed of Ephlal.

Commander of the army; ascended through civil war 885–874 BC. Founded Samaria as the new capital. Founder of the most successful but most idolatrous Israelite dynasty (the Omride dynasty); the Assyrians long called Israel 'house of Omri'.

Priest and chief officer in the temple; struck Jeremiah and put him in stocks at the upper Benjamin Gate; renamed Magor-Missabib by the prophet.

Father of Zebudah, wife of Josiah (2 Kings 23:36). Distinct from Pedaiah son of Jeconiah and Pedaiah father of Zebadiah of Manasseh.

Son of Remaliah; killed Pekahiah and reigned 752/740–732 BC. Allied with Rezin of Aram against Ahaz of Judah (the Syro-Ephraimite war). Lost Galilee and Gilead to Tiglath-pileser III. Killed by Hoshea.

Son of Menahem; reigned two years (742–740 BC). Killed by his captain Pekah.

One of the four Simeonite captains who led 500 men against the Amalekite remnant on Mount Seir. Distinct from Pelatiah son of Hananiah and Pelatiah son of Benaiah of Ezekiel 11.

Father of Joel the prophet.

Pharaoh of Egypt who killed Josiah at Megiddo; deposed Jehoahaz and made Eliakim king as Jehoiakim; defeated by Nebuchadnezzar at Carchemish.

Title (chief eunuch) of an Assyrian commander sent against Jerusalem with Tartan and Rabshakeh (2 Kings 18:17); also Babylonian official Nebushasban with this title at Jerusalem's fall (Jeremiah 39:3, 13).

Title of a senior Assyrian official sent by Sennacherib to demand Jerusalem's surrender; spoke in Hebrew at the wall to demoralize the people. The name represents a rank rather than a personal name.

Son of Binea; father of Eleasah in the Saulide line.

Reubenite of the line of Joel; ancestor of Beerah.

Son of Solomon and Naamah; king of Judah ca. 931–913 BC. Rejected the elders' counsel to lighten the tax burden, prompting the secession of the ten northern tribes under Jeroboam. Reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem.

Simeonite captain in Hezekiah's reign.

Last king of Aram-Damascus; allied with Pekah of Israel against Ahaz of Judah in the Syro-Ephraimite war. Killed when Tilgath-pilneser sacked Damascus in 732 BC.

King of Assyria 722–705 BC; mentioned by name only in Isaiah 20:1, where he is credited with the capture of Ashdod. Likely also the king who completed the deportation of the northern kingdom (2 Kings 17).

Youngest son of Hiel of Bethel, who died when his father set up the gates of rebuilt Jericho (1 Kings 16:34). Distinct from Segub son of Hezron.

King of Assyria 705–681 BC; invaded Judah in Hezekiah's fourteenth year (701 BC). Took the fortified cities of Judah but lost 185,000 men outside Jerusalem when the angel of Yahweh struck his camp. Murdered by his own sons in the temple of Nisroch.

Father of Joshibiah and grandfather of the Simeonite chief Jehu. Distinct from Seraiah the high priest, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth, and other Seraiahs.

Son of Jabesh; killed Zechariah and reigned one month (752 BC) before being killed by Menahem.

Son of Zadok II; father of Hilkiah the high priest of Josiah's reign. Per Nehemiah 11:11 and 1 Chronicles 9:11 the form Meshullam appears for him.

Keeper of the wardrobe; husband of Huldah the prophetess.

King of Assyria 727–722 BC; besieged Samaria for three years. Distinct from Shalmaneser III, mentioned only by Assyrian inscriptions.

Royal scribe under Josiah; received the rediscovered Book of the Law from Hilkiah and read it before the king. Patriarch of the influential Shaphanide family that protected Jeremiah.

Son of Sennacherib; with his brother Adrammelech murdered their father.

Son of Isaiah whose name means 'a remnant shall return'; accompanied his father to confront Ahaz.

Fourth son of Azel.

Royal scribe under Hezekiah; previously 'over the household' but demoted by Isaiah's prophecy (Isaiah 22:15-19); negotiated with Sennacherib's Rabshakeh.

Levite distributing the priestly portions under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:15).

Daughter of Rehoboam by Maacah daughter of Absalom (2 Chronicles 11:20). Distinct from Shelomith daughter of Zerubbabel and Shelomith son of Josiphiah.

Levite of the sons of Jeduthun in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:14).

Brother of Conaniah, Levite chief at Josiah's Passover (2 Chronicles 35:9).

Levite distributing the priestly portions under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 31:15).

Levite sent by Jehoshaphat to teach the law in Judah (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Shemaiah the prophet and many other Shemaiahs.

Father of Shimri in the Simeonite genealogy. Distinct from many other Shemaiahs.

Son of Rehoboam by Mahalath (2 Chronicles 11:19).

Owner of the hill which Omri king of Israel bought for two talents of silver and on which he built Samaria, naming it after Shemer (1 Kings 16:24).

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Shemiramoth the singer of David's reign (1 Chronicles 15:18,20).

Son of Jehoshaphat, killed by his brother Jehoram (2 Chronicles 21:2,4).

Father of Azubah, mother of King Jehoshaphat (1 Kings 22:42).

Ammonite mother of Zabad who killed Joash.

Levite of the sons of Heman in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:14). Possibly the same as Shimei brother of Cononiah the chief overseer of tithes (2 Chronicles 31:12).

Levite, second to his brother Cononiah in overseeing Hezekiah's tithes (2 Chronicles 31:12-13).

Levite of the sons of Elizaphan in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:13). Distinct from Shimri father of Jediael and Shimri the Simeonite.

Father of Jedaiah in the Simeonite genealogy. Distinct from Shimri father of Jediael (1 Chronicles 11:45) and other Shimris.

Moabite mother of Jehozabad who killed Joash.

Father of Ziza the Simeonite chief.

Wealthy woman of Shunem who built a chamber for Elisha and was rewarded with a son in her old age. Her son died and was raised by Elisha; she later regained her land through Elisha's intercession in Joram's court (2 Kings 8).

Father of Levi in Luke 3:30. Distinct from Simeon son of Jacob and Simeon the just at the temple.

Egyptian ruler to whom Hoshea of Israel sent envoys, prompting the Assyrian invasion. Likely Osorkon IV or a Saite ruler; identification is debated.

Aramean king of Damascus; father of Ben-hadad I.

Title (commander-in-chief) of the Assyrian general sent by Sargon against Ashdod (Isaiah 20:1) and one of the three commanders sent by Sennacherib against Jerusalem (2 Kings 18:17). Treated as a personal name by some translations.

Wife of Isaiah and mother of Maher-shalal-hash-baz; called 'the prophetess' by Isaiah.

Assyrian chief eunuch (or chief courtier) sent with the Tartan and Rabshakeh against Jerusalem. A title rather than a personal name.

Assyrian commander-in-chief sent by Sennacherib with the Rab-saris and Rabshakeh against Jerusalem. 'Tartan' is a title (turtanu) rather than a personal name.

Son of Ginath; rival claimant to the throne of Israel after Zimri's seven-day reign. Half of Israel followed Tibni, half Omri; Omri prevailed and Tibni died. Distinct from any other Tibni.

King of Assyria; received tribute from Menahem of Israel; deported Israelites from Naphtali, Zebulun, and Transjordan; carried out the policy of mass deportation.

Father of Shallum the keeper of the wardrobe, husband of Huldah the prophetess in the days of Josiah (2 Kings 22:14; 2 Chronicles 34:22).

King of Assyria 745–727 BC; received tribute from Menahem (called Pul); deported Reubenites, Gadites, and half-Manasseh; replaced Pekah with Hoshea on the throne of Israel.

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8).

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Tobijah of Zechariah's coronation oracle (Zechariah 6:10,14) and Tobiah the Ammonite servant.

Firstborn of Eshek; ancestor of mighty archers in the Saulide tail. Distinct from Ulam son of Sheresh of Manasseh.

Son of Amaziah; king of Judah ca. 792–740 BC (long co-regency with father). One of Judah's most successful kings: defeated Philistines, Arabs, and Ammonites; rebuilt cities; strengthened the army. Struck with leprosy after presuming to burn incense in the temple; co-regent with his son Jotham thereafter. Year of his death is the year of Isaiah's vision (Isaiah 6).

Levite of the sons of Jeduthun in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:14). Distinct from Uzziel son of Kohath, Uzziel the Simeonite, and others.

Simeonite captain in Hezekiah's reign. Distinct from Uzziel the Levite, Uzziel the goldsmith, and others.

One of two servants who conspired against Joash and killed him on his bed. Mother was Shimeath an Ammonitess.

Father of Jerusha, mother of King Jotham (2 Kings 15:33). Distinct from Zadok the priest under David and the high priest of Joiakim's day.

Son of Ahitub II; later priest in the high-priestly genealogy of 1 Chronicles 6:12. Distinct from the Zadok of David.

Son of Rehoboam by Mahalath (2 Chronicles 11:19).

Levite teacher under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:8). Distinct from Zebadiah son of Ishmael who was Jehoshaphat's chief judge (2 Chronicles 19:11).

Wife of Josiah; mother of Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:36).

Levite of the sons of Asaph in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:13). Distinct from many other Zechariahs.

Kohathite Levite overseer of Josiah's temple repairs (2 Chronicles 34:12).

Father of Abi (Abijah), mother of King Hezekiah (2 Kings 18:2). Often identified with Zechariah son of Jeberechiah named in Isaiah 8:2.

Son of Jeroboam II; reigned six months (753 BC). Killed by Shallum, ending the Jehu dynasty. Distinct from Zechariah the prophet.

Prince of Judah teaching under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:7). Distinct from Zechariah son of Jehoiada, Zechariah son of Berechiah, and the prophet.

Son of Jehoiada the priest; rebuked Joash for his apostasy after Jehoiada's death; stoned to death in the court of the temple at the king's command. Likely the Zechariah named by Jesus in Matthew 23:35.

Son of Jehoshaphat, killed by his brother Jehoram (2 Chronicles 21:2,4).

Leader of the four hundred prophets of Ahab who promised victory at Ramoth-gilead; struck Micaiah on the cheek for contradicting them. Distinct from king Zedekiah of Judah.

Great-great-grandson of Hezekiah; prophesied under Josiah ca. 640–620 BC. Theme: the day of Yahweh.

Son of Cushi son of Gedaliah son of Amariah son of Hezekiah; prophesied during Josiah's reign.

One of the Gadite chiefs of Bashan listed in the genealogy of Gad (1 Chronicles 5:13).

Father of Amasiah, captain who willingly offered himself to the LORD under Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:16).

Father of Elishaphat, one of Jehoiada's captains (2 Chronicles 23:1). Distinct from other Zichris.

Gershonite Levite, father of Joah in Hezekiah's reform (2 Chronicles 29:12). Distinct from Zimmah ancestor of Asaph and Zimmah son of Shimei (1 Chronicles 6:20,42).

Captain of half Elah's chariots; killed Elah and seized the throne. Reigned only seven days (885 BC) before Omri besieged Tirzah; Zimri burned the palace over himself.

Son of Rehoboam by Maacah daughter of Absalom (2 Chronicles 11:20). Distinct from Ziza the Simeonite chief.

Simeonite chief, son of Shiphi son of Allon son of Jedaiah son of Shimri son of Shemaiah (1 Chronicles 4:37). Distinct from Ziza son of Rehoboam.