Chronology

From creation to Revelation.

Click an era to zoom in. Click any dot for details. Events marked “Traditional” depend on interpretive choices (early-date Exodus, AD 30 vs AD 33 crucifixion) and carry the relevant tradition tag.

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Showing 69 of 69 events.
  1. Primevalussher-chronology

    Creation

    4004 BC

    The creation of the heavens and the earth in six days, climaxing in humanity made in God's image.

    Date follows the traditional Masoretic young-earth chronology (Ussher-adjacent: ~4004 BC).

    ReferencesGenesis 1-2
  2. Primeval

    The Fall

    4004 BC

    Adam and Eve's disobedience in Eden and exile from the garden; entry of sin and death into the world.

    ReferencesGenesis 3
  3. Primeval

    Cain Murders Abel

    3875 BC

    The first murder: Cain kills his brother Abel out of jealousy over their offerings; Cain is exiled and marked.

    ReferencesGenesis 4:1-16; Hebrews 11:4; 1 John 3:12
  4. Primeval

    Translation of Enoch

    3017 BC

    Enoch walked with God for 365 years and was no more, for God took him — taken to heaven without dying.

    ReferencesGenesis 5:21-24; Hebrews 11:5; Jude 1:14-15
  5. Primevalussher-chronology

    The Flood

    2348 BC – 2347 BC

    Yahweh judges the antediluvian world by a year-long flood; Noah and his family preserved in the ark on Ararat. Methuselah dies the year of the flood.

    ReferencesGenesis 6-9; Matthew 24:37-39; 1 Peter 3:20; 2 Peter 2:5
  6. Primevalussher-chronology

    Tower of Babel

    2242 BC

    Confusion of languages and scattering of post-flood humanity at Shinar; the origin of the nations.

    ReferencesGenesis 11:1-9
  7. Patriarchs

    Call of Abraham

    2091 BC

    Yahweh calls Abram out of Ur of the Chaldees and Haran with the threefold promise of land, descendants, and blessing to all nations.

    ReferencesGenesis 12:1-9; Acts 7:2-4; Hebrews 11:8-10
  8. Patriarchs

    Abrahamic Covenant

    2081 BC – 2067 BC

    Yahweh formally cuts covenant with Abram (Genesis 15) and ratifies it with the sign of circumcision (Genesis 17).

    ReferencesGenesis 15; Genesis 17
  9. Patriarchs

    Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah

    2067 BC

    Cities of the plain destroyed by fire from heaven; Lot and his daughters delivered.

    ReferencesGenesis 18-19; 2 Peter 2:6; Jude 1:7
    PlacesSodom
  10. Patriarchs

    Binding of Isaac (Akedah)

    2042 BC

    Abraham's testing on Mount Moriah; the ram caught in the thicket as substitutionary sacrifice — a foreshadowing of the cross.

    ReferencesGenesis 22; Hebrews 11:17-19; James 2:21-23
  11. Patriarchs

    Death of Sarah / Cave of Machpelah

    2030 BC

    Sarah dies at 127. Abraham buys the Cave of Machpelah from Ephron the Hittite — the first piece of the Promised Land owned by the family.

    ReferencesGenesis 23
    PlacesHebron
  12. Patriarchs

    Birth of Jacob and Esau

    2007 BC

    Twin sons born to Isaac and Rebekah after twenty years of barrenness; the older shall serve the younger.

    ReferencesGenesis 25:19-26; Romans 9:10-13
  13. Patriarchs

    Jacob's Ladder at Bethel

    1929 BC

    Fleeing Esau, Jacob dreams of a ladder reaching heaven with angels ascending and descending; the LORD reaffirms the Abrahamic covenant.

    ReferencesGenesis 28:10-22; John 1:51
    PlacesBethel
  14. Patriarchs

    Jacob Wrestles God at Peniel

    1909 BC

    On the eve of meeting Esau, Jacob wrestles a divine man until daybreak; renamed Israel — 'one who struggles with God.'

    ReferencesGenesis 32:22-32; Hosea 12:3-4
  15. Patriarchs

    Joseph Sold into Egypt

    1898 BC – 1876 BC

    Joseph sold by his brothers; Yahweh providentially raises him to be vizier of Egypt; Jacob's family relocates to Goshen.

    ReferencesGenesis 37; Genesis 39-47
    PlacesGoshen
  16. Exodus

    The Burning Bush

    1447 BC

    At Horeb, Yahweh appears to Moses in a bush that burns without being consumed and reveals the divine name 'I AM.'

    ReferencesExodus 3-4; Acts 7:30-34
  17. Exodus

    Golden Calf at Sinai

    1446 BC

    While Moses is on the mountain, Aaron forms a calf of gold for the people to worship; Moses shatters the first tablets, and 3,000 die.

    ReferencesExodus 32; Deuteronomy 9:7-21; 1 Corinthians 10:7
  18. Exodus

    Sinai Covenant

    1446 BC – 1445 BC

    Yahweh gives the Decalogue and the law at Mount Sinai; the tabernacle is built and consecrated.

    ReferencesExodus 19-40; Leviticus; Numbers 1-10
  19. Exodusearly-date-1446BC

    The Exodus

    1446 BC

    Yahweh delivers Israel from Egyptian bondage through the ten plagues, Passover, and the splitting of the Red Sea — the founding redemption of the Old Testament.

    Early date (~1446 BC) follows 1 Kings 6:1 + 480 years before Solomon's temple. Late date (~1260 BC) is held by many archaeologists; we use the early date.

    ReferencesExodus 1-15; 1 Kings 6:1
    PlacesGoshen
  20. Exodus

    Wilderness Wandering

    1446 BC – 1406 BC

    Forty years in the wilderness following the spy report; the unbelieving generation dies before entry into the land.

    ReferencesNumbers 13-14; Numbers 20-36; Deuteronomy
  21. Conquest

    Conquest of Canaan

    1406 BC – 1399 BC

    Joshua leads Israel across the Jordan; Jericho, Ai, the southern campaign, and the northern campaign; tribal allotments distributed.

    ReferencesJoshua 1-24
  22. Exodus

    Death of Moses on Mount Nebo

    1406 BC

    Moses ascends Nebo, sees the Promised Land, and dies at 120; the LORD himself buries him in an unknown grave.

    ReferencesDeuteronomy 34; Jude 1:9
  23. Conquest

    Fall of Jericho

    1406 BC

    Israel marches around Jericho seven days; on the seventh, the priests blow trumpets and the walls collapse — the first city of the conquest.

    ReferencesJoshua 6; Hebrews 11:30
    PlacesJericho
  24. Judges

    Period of the Judges

    1380 BC – 1050 BC

    Cycles of apostasy, oppression, and deliverance through Othniel, Ehud, Deborah, Gideon, Jephthah, Samson, and others.

    ReferencesJudges 1-21; Ruth 1-4; 1 Samuel 1-7
  25. Monarchy

    Saul Anointed King

    1050 BC

    Samuel anoints Saul as Israel's first king at the people's demand.

    References1 Samuel 9-10
  26. Monarchy

    David and Goliath

    1024 BC

    The young shepherd David fells the Philistine champion Goliath of Gath with a sling and stone in the Valley of Elah.

    References1 Samuel 17
  27. Monarchy

    David Anointed King

    1010 BC – 1003 BC

    Samuel anoints David in Bethlehem; David later reigns over Judah at Hebron, then over all Israel at Jerusalem.

    References1 Samuel 16; 2 Samuel 2:1-4; 2 Samuel 5:1-5
  28. Monarchy

    Davidic Covenant

    1000 BC

    Yahweh promises David an everlasting house, throne, and kingdom through his offspring.

    References2 Samuel 7; 1 Chronicles 17; Psalm 89; Psalm 132
  29. Monarchy

    Solomon's Wisdom: The Two Mothers

    970 BC

    Solomon adjudicates between two mothers claiming the same child by ordering it cut in half — exposing the true mother. All Israel feared the king when they heard the verdict.

    References1 Kings 3:16-28
    PlacesJerusalem
  30. Monarchy

    First Temple Built

    966 BC – 959 BC

    Solomon builds and dedicates the first temple in Jerusalem.

    References1 Kings 5-8; 2 Chronicles 2-7
    PlacesJerusalem
  31. Monarchy

    Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon

    960 BC

    The Queen of Sheba travels from southern Arabia to test Solomon with hard questions; her breath is taken away by his wisdom and the splendor of his court.

    References1 Kings 10:1-13; 2 Chronicles 9:1-12; Matthew 12:42
    PlacesJerusalem
  32. Monarchy

    Kingdom Divided

    931 BC

    After Solomon's death, ten northern tribes secede under Jeroboam I, leaving Rehoboam with Judah and Benjamin.

    References1 Kings 12; 2 Chronicles 10
    PlacesShechem
  33. Prophets

    Elijah at Mount Carmel

    860 BC

    Elijah confronts the prophets of Baal in front of all Israel; fire falls and consumes the sacrifice. The LORD, he is God.

    References1 Kings 18
  34. Prophets

    Elijah Taken Up in a Whirlwind

    848 BC

    Elijah is taken up to heaven in a chariot of fire across the Jordan; Elisha receives a double portion of his spirit.

    References2 Kings 2:1-18; Malachi 4:5-6
  35. Prophets

    Jonah Preaches to Nineveh

    760 BC

    After fleeing to Tarshish and being swallowed by a great fish, Jonah preaches to Nineveh; the entire city repents from king to cattle.

    ReferencesJonah 1-4; Matthew 12:38-41
    PlacesNineveh
  36. Exile

    Fall of Samaria / Assyrian Exile

    722 BC

    Sargon II of Assyria destroys Samaria and deports the northern kingdom; Israel ceases as a political entity.

    References2 Kings 17; 2 Kings 18:9-12
  37. Monarchy

    Sennacherib's Invasion of Judah

    701 BC

    Sennacherib of Assyria invades Judah, takes 46 fortified cities, but his siege of Jerusalem under Hezekiah is broken by the angel of Yahweh.

    References2 Kings 18-19; 2 Chronicles 32; Isaiah 36-37
  38. Exile

    Babylonian Exile

    605 BC – 538 BC

    Seventy-year exile of Judah in Babylon; setting of Daniel and Ezekiel.

    References2 Chronicles 36:20-21; Jeremiah 25:11-12; Jeremiah 29:10; Daniel 1-9; Ezekiel 1-48
    PlacesBabylon
  39. Exile

    Fall of Jerusalem (586 BC)

    586 BC

    Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon destroys Jerusalem and the first temple; Judah deported. Two earlier deportations occurred in 605 (Daniel) and 597 (Jehoiachin, Ezekiel).

    References2 Kings 25; 2 Chronicles 36:15-21; Jeremiah 39; Jeremiah 52; Lamentations
  40. Exile

    Daniel in the Lions' Den

    540 BC

    Under Darius the Mede, Daniel is thrown to the lions for praying to Yahweh; God shuts the lions' mouths and Daniel emerges unharmed.

    ReferencesDaniel 6; Hebrews 11:33
    PlacesBabylon
  41. Return

    Edict of Cyrus / First Return

    538 BC

    Cyrus the Great permits the Jews to return and rebuild the temple; Zerubbabel and Joshua lead the first return.

    References2 Chronicles 36:22-23; Ezra 1; Isaiah 44:28; Isaiah 45:1-7
  42. Return

    Second Temple Completed

    520 BC – 516 BC

    The temple is rebuilt under Zerubbabel and Joshua, encouraged by Haggai and Zechariah, in the sixth year of Darius I.

    ReferencesEzra 5-6; Haggai; Zechariah 1-8
    PlacesJerusalem
  43. Return

    Esther Saves the Jews / Purim

    473 BC

    In Susa under Xerxes I, Esther exposes Haman's genocidal plot; the Jews are delivered and the feast of Purim is instituted.

    ReferencesEsther 1-10
  44. Return

    Ezra's Return

    458 BC

    Ezra leads a second return to Jerusalem to teach the law and reform the community.

    ReferencesEzra 7-10
  45. Return

    Nehemiah Rebuilds the Walls

    445 BC

    Nehemiah, cupbearer to Artaxerxes I, leads the rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls in 52 days.

    ReferencesNehemiah 1-7
    PlacesJerusalem
  46. Intertestamental

    Intertestamental Period

    432 BC – 5 BC

    The roughly 400 'silent years' between Malachi and John the Baptist; Persian, Hellenistic, Maccabean, and Roman dominations.

    ReferencesDaniel 7-12; Daniel 11; 1 Maccabees; 2 Maccabees
  47. Christ

    Birth of Jesus Christ

    5 BC – 4 BC

    The incarnation: Jesus is born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the Great. The traditional 1 BC dating is 4-5 years late; Herod died in 4 BC, placing the nativity ~6-4 BC.

    ReferencesMatthew 1-2; Luke 1-2
    PlacesBethlehem
  48. Christ

    The Annunciation

    5 BC

    Gabriel appears to Mary in Nazareth and announces that she will conceive by the Holy Spirit and bear the Son of the Most High.

    ReferencesLuke 1:26-38; Isaiah 7:14
    PlacesNazareth
  49. Christ

    Visit of the Magi

    4 BC

    Wise men from the east follow a star to the child Jesus and present gold, frankincense, and myrrh; Joseph then flees with the family to Egypt.

    ReferencesMatthew 2:1-18
    PlacesBethlehem
  50. Christ

    Baptism of Jesus

    AD 27

    John the Baptist baptizes Jesus in the Jordan; the Spirit descends and the Father speaks.

    ReferencesMatthew 3:13-17; Mark 1:9-11; Luke 3:21-22; John 1:29-34
  51. Christ

    Public Ministry of Jesus

    AD 27 – AD 30

    The roughly three-and-a-half-year public ministry from Jesus' baptism to his crucifixion: Galilean ministry, journeys through Samaria and Perea, and Judean confrontations.

    ReferencesMatthew 4-25; Mark 1-13; Luke 4-21; John 1-12
  52. Christ

    Sermon on the Mount

    AD 28

    Jesus delivers the Beatitudes and the manifesto of the kingdom on a mountainside in Galilee — the most extensive sermon of his recorded teaching.

    ReferencesMatthew 5-7; Luke 6:17-49
  53. Christ

    Feeding of the 5,000

    AD 29

    Jesus multiplies five loaves and two fish to feed five thousand men besides women and children — recorded in all four gospels.

    ReferencesMatthew 14:13-21; Mark 6:30-44; Luke 9:10-17; John 6:1-15
  54. Christ

    The Transfiguration

    AD 29

    On a high mountain, Jesus is transfigured before Peter, James, and John; Moses and Elijah appear; the Father's voice declares 'This is my Son.'

    ReferencesMatthew 17:1-13; Mark 9:2-13; Luke 9:28-36; 2 Peter 1:16-18
  55. Christ

    Ascension of Jesus

    AD 30

    Forty days after the resurrection, Jesus ascends from the Mount of Olives.

    ReferencesLuke 24:50-53; Acts 1:6-11
  56. ChristAD30, AD33-alternative

    Crucifixion of Jesus

    AD 30

    Jesus is crucified outside Jerusalem at Golgotha at Passover; buried in a new tomb. Most likely date: 14 Nisan, AD 30 or AD 33.

    ReferencesMatthew 26-27; Mark 14-15; Luke 22-23; John 18-19; 1 Corinthians 15:3-4
  57. Early Church

    Pentecost / Birth of the Church

    AD 30

    Ten days after the ascension, the Holy Spirit is poured out on the 120 in Jerusalem; Peter preaches and 3,000 are baptized.

    ReferencesActs 2
    PlacesJerusalem
  58. Christ

    Resurrection of Jesus

    AD 30

    On the third day, Jesus rises bodily from the dead; appears to Mary Magdalene, the women, the eleven, and 500 brethren over 40 days before ascending.

    ReferencesMatthew 28; Mark 16; Luke 24; John 20-21; Acts 1:3; 1 Corinthians 15:3-8
  59. Christ

    The Last Supper

    AD 30

    On the night he was betrayed, Jesus eats Passover with the Twelve, washes their feet, institutes the Eucharist, and delivers the Upper Room discourse.

    ReferencesMatthew 26:17-30; Mark 14:12-26; Luke 22:7-38; John 13-17; 1 Corinthians 11:23-26
    PlacesJerusalem
  60. Christ

    Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem

    AD 30

    Five days before Passover, Jesus enters Jerusalem on a donkey to crowds shouting 'Hosanna' — fulfilling Zechariah 9:9.

    ReferencesMatthew 21:1-11; Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:28-44; John 12:12-19; Zechariah 9:9
  61. Early Church

    Conversion of Saul of Tarsus

    AD 34

    On the road to Damascus, the risen Christ confronts Saul; he is blinded, baptized by Ananias, and called to be apostle to the Gentiles.

    ReferencesActs 9:1-31; Acts 22:1-21; Acts 26:1-23; Galatians 1:11-24
    PlacesDamascus
  62. Early Church

    Martyrdom of Stephen

    AD 34

    Stephen, the first of the seven deacons, is stoned outside Jerusalem; persecution scatters the church and Saul of Tarsus consents.

    ReferencesActs 6-7; Acts 8:1-3
    PlacesJerusalem
  63. Early Church

    Conversion of Cornelius

    AD 40

    Peter is sent in a vision to the Roman centurion Cornelius in Caesarea; the Holy Spirit falls on Gentiles for the first time, and the door of faith is opened to the nations.

    ReferencesActs 10; Acts 11:1-18; Acts 15:7-9
  64. Early Church

    Believers First Called Christians

    AD 43

    At Antioch in Syria — where Greeks first turned to the Lord in numbers — the disciples were first called Christians. Antioch becomes the launching base for the Gentile mission.

    ReferencesActs 11:19-26
  65. Early Church

    Paul's Missionary Journeys

    AD 47 – AD 62

    Three missionary journeys (~AD 47-57) plus the Roman voyage (~AD 60-62), planting churches throughout Asia Minor, Macedonia, Achaia, and ultimately reaching Rome.

  66. Early Church

    Council of Jerusalem

    AD 49

    The apostles and elders rule that Gentile believers are not bound by the law of Moses for circumcision; the gospel is freed for the nations.

    ReferencesActs 15; Galatians 2:1-10
  67. Early Church

    Neronian Persecution

    AD 64 – AD 68

    After the Great Fire of Rome (AD 64), Nero blames the Christians and launches the first imperial persecution. Peter and Paul traditionally martyred under Nero.

    References1 Peter 4:12-19; 2 Timothy 4:6-8
    PlacesRome
  68. Early Church

    Fall of Jerusalem (AD 70)

    AD 70

    Titus, son of Vespasian, destroys Jerusalem and the second temple, ending the temple sacrificial system. Fulfillment of Jesus' Olivet Discourse prediction.

    ReferencesMatthew 24:1-35; Mark 13:1-31; Luke 21:5-24
    PlacesJerusalem
  69. Early Church

    John on Patmos / Revelation

    AD 95 – AD 96

    The apostle John, exiled to Patmos under Domitian, receives the Apocalypse — the closing book of the canon.

    ReferencesRevelation 1:9-11
    PlacesPatmos

Chronology used: Masoretic patriarchal ages following the traditional young-earth framework (Ussher-adjacent). Creation is anchored at ~4004 BC; the Flood at ~2348 BC; the Exodus at 1446 BC per 1 Kings 6:1.

Where dates differ: Christ’s birth is placed ~5–4 BC (Herod the Great died 4 BC). The crucifixion is most commonly dated AD 30, with AD 33 as a notable alternative. Late-date Exodus (~1260 BC) is held by many archaeologists; we use the early date.